Surah Al-Isra, Ayah 23-24

October 9, 2025
وَقَضَىٰ رَبُّكَ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا ۚ إِمَّا يَبْلُغَنَّ عِندَكَ الْكِبَرَ أَحَدُهُمَا أَوْ كِلَاهُمَا فَلَا تَقُل لَّهُمَا أُفٍّ وَلَا تَنْهَرْهُمَا وَقُل لَّهُمَا قَوْلًا كَرِيمًا ۝ وَاخْفِضْ لَهُمَا جَنَاحَ الذُّلِّ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَقُل رَّبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِي صَغِيرًا
And your Lord has decreed that you not worship except Him, and to parents, good treatment. Whether one or both of them reach old age [while] with you, say not to them [so much as], "uff," and do not repel them but speak to them a noble word. And lower to them the wing of humility out of mercy and say, "My Lord, have mercy upon them as they brought me up [when I was] small."
اور تمہارے رب نے فیصلہ کیا ہے کہ اس کے سوا کسی کی عبادت نہ کرو اور والدین کے ساتھ احسان کرو۔ اگر تمہارے پاس ان میں سے کوئی ایک یا دونوں بڑھاپے کو پہنچ جائیں تو انہیں 'اف' تک نہ کہو اور انہیں نہ جھڑکو اور ان سے عزت کی بات کہو، اور ان کے سامنے رحم کے ساتھ عاجزی کا بازو جھکاؤ اور کہو 'اے میرے رب! ان پر رحم کر جیسا کہ انہوں نے بچپن میں میری پرورش کی ہے۔'

Reflection

These verses establish the fundamental obligations of monotheism and parental care, placing kindness to parents immediately after worship of Allah alone. The detailed guidance about elderly parents shows special attention to their vulnerability and need for patience. Even saying "uff" (an expression of annoyance) is prohibited, emphasizing that the smallest sign of irritation toward aging parents is unacceptable. Instead, believers should speak nobly, show humility and mercy, and pray for their parents' well-being. The metaphor of "lowering the wing of humility" suggests gentle, protective care like a bird sheltering its young. The prayer acknowledges parents' sacrifices during the believer's childhood and asks Allah to reciprocate that care. This teaches that respect for parents intensifies as they age and become more dependent, that patience with elderly parents is a religious obligation, and that gratitude for childhood care should motivate adult children to provide loving care in return.

Context

These verses appear in Surah Al-Isra (The Night Journey), which contains various moral and social commandments. They establish the high status of parents in Islam, especially in their old age.